Banking via Mobile Phones — innovative new program launched in Haiti

Logo of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. S...

Image via Wikipedia

A innovative effort to reestablish both phone and banking services in Haiti. See Gates Foundation, U.S. Government Back Cell Phone Banking for Haiti

Haitian cellular provider Digicel has received a $2.5 million grant for a project to allow people in the impoverished and earthquake-stricken country to use their mobile phones for banking.

Digicel is the first recipient from a $10 million fund set up by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), and the project is designed to speed up the arrival of cell phone banking in Haiti. The effort follows other mobile banking projects such as the M-PESA program in Kenya.

Recovery in Haiti – one year after the earthquake

The Haitian National Palace shows heavy damage...

Image via Wikipedia

Jan. 7th,Still Shaky; A Year After the Earthquake in Haiti, the Key to Stability Is to Build the State. RAND report, Jan. 7, 2011. This short report focuses on the public administration of recovery, which is a very crucial issue in Haiti.

This is one of several articles that appeared today covering the non-recovery story in Haiti. One article cited Oxfam, the British Non-Governmental Organization, and criticized President Bill Clinton for some of the problems. The Oxfam website has an article critical of the Haitian authorities. Clearly there is lots of blame for all major parties involved.  Below is an article from The Economist (Jan. 6, 2011) titled  The year of surviving in squalor.

Even allowing for some unique difficulties, the efforts of the government and outsiders to rebuild have been disappointing. But when visiting journalists parachute in to Port-au-Prince for the anniversary of the earthquake, they will see few signs of progress and many of stasis. Rubble still blocks many streets. Even if the work of removing it goes according to the official schedule, less than half will be cleared by October. Only about 30,000 temporary shelters have been built. The National Palace, the emblem of Haitian sovereignty, has yet to be demolished, let alone rebuilt. The tent camps that dot the city look ever-shabbier, and their inhabitants thinner and more bedraggled.

This landscape of neglect and degradation mocks the widespread hope in the weeks after the quake that Haiti could “build back better,” as Bill Clinton, the United Nations special envoy to the country, put it. The government’s promising reconstruction plan, unveiled at a donor conference in March, envisioned moving many people outside the swollen capital and injecting economic life into rural areas, as well as rebuilding Port-au-Prince.

The net outcome  has been a miserable year for Haitian victims.

Higher Education in Haiti – new university underway

Coat of arms of Haiti

Image via Wikipedia

One positive and hopeful sign of recovery in Haiti is the plan to create a new, modern  university.  See New University to Rise in Haiti as Higher Education There In Collapse. Huff Post, December 2, 2010.

The mission of the International University of Haiti is Creating Global Leadership through providing students with a combination of Liberal Arts for critical thinking and Professional Development for specific skills toward building a New Haiti. Each student is strongly encouraged to major in one field and minor in the other. Fifty-two students are already enrolled. Tuition is set for US$600 per quarter for ten credits, with 120 credits required to graduate. A degree would cost only $7,200 over four years – affordable to those of modest means. The new university will cooperate with Haitian micro-lenders to accommodate student loans.

The need for the new university is especially apparent given the state of Haitian higher education post-quake.

What I cannot determine from the write up is whether distance learning techniques will be used. Given the huge losses in faculty resulting from the earthquake, it would seem a likely means to gain new faculty quickly.

Haiti — a call for action from donors

The area of Bas-Ravine, in the northern part o...

Image via Wikipedia

In its lead editorial on Nov. 7th, the Washington Post issues a wakeup call for attention to Haiti and the painfully slow recovery from the earthquake almost 10 months ago. Titled As Haiti Suffers, the World Dozes, the article reminds the U.S. and other donors to stop acting like the recovery projects are the usual development projects and to expedite fulfilling their pledges and to take action. It also says”It is time for Mr. Clinton, to play a critical role for Haiti. ”

Earthquake Recovery in New Zealand – update

Nice to see that both officials in New Zealand and those at the East Asian Summit are interested in how best to proceed with recovery planning and what lessons can be captured and shared. World Leaders Quiz John Key over Canterbury Quake. October 30. NZ site: stuff.co.nz.

Some related information, about collaboration in disaster management that occurred at that summit can be found on this related website.

Haiti Recovery – add lobbyists to the roster of personnel

Street-view of the National Palace of Haiti, d...

Image via Wikipedia

In my view, it is a sad commentary that the U.S. Congress has not honored our country’s promises to Haiti and that hiring lobbyists is the answer.  Haiti Recovery Aided by U.S. lobbyists, http://www.thehill.com, Oct. 11. According to the article,

A number of construction and disaster response firms have hired Washington lobbyists to help navigate the contracting process for rebuilding Haiti.

In January, Haiti suffered a devastating earthquake that left thousands dead and millions homeless. Since then, the U.S. government and its international allies have pledged billions of dollars in aid to get the impoverished island nation back on its feet.

Earthquake Risk is a Concern for Wellington, NZ

As might be expected, since the Canterbury earthquake, other cities in NZ that are vulnerable to earthquakes have reviewed their seismic safety efforts. For the capital city of Wellington, the concerns are considerable. Capital shaky over quake preparedness . TVNZ. Oct. 4th.

A report has found shortcomings in the preparedness of seven of the 10 emergency operations  centres in New Zealand’s quake-prone capital. The Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management assessed the effects of a big earthquake hitting Wellington and the audit questions whether some of the buildings could withstand a major shake. The report says the Wellington region is a geologically dynamic part of New Zealand and movement of the Wellington Fault could be expected to result in a quake of about magnitude 7.5. It says the risk to people is dependent on the timing, scale, location and nature of the event but an earthquake of similar magnitude to that in Christchurch would likely result in fatalities and significantly more injuries if it occurred in Wellington.

Note that in an earlier post about the recent NZ quote, I mentioned a 1995 indepth study of  Wellington After the ‘Quake.

For an update on the Canterbury quake, from the same news source, see: Quake: Unanswered questions one month on

Use of digital media for disaster recovery – the NZ example

In the course of recent online research regarding the Canterbury, NZ earthquake, I was given a website produced by GNS Science, which contains a comprehensive list of information about the quake. (GNS is a”research institute operating as a limited liability company owned by the New Zealand government.)

In reviewing it, it became clear to me that the folks in NZ have effectively taken advantage of several forms of new digital technology; namely, Google maps, a recovery blog, data gathering from citizens, GIS, and more. For example, they not only have a link to their twitter feed but also a twitter “how to”  so that citizens can understand how to follow the latest information and/or send out their own tweets using hashtags designated for the quake.

In the U.S., most of the discussions regarding the use of digital technology have focused on the response and preparedness phases of emergency management.  But the NZ website site demonstrates how many of the new means of gathering data and communicating can be used for the  recovery phase as well.

By means of  comparison, here are some details about the recent BP Oil Spill disaster in the U.S.  The BP Oil Spill Restore the Gulf website provides information in a highly polished format, but the communication only goes one-way. And the seemingly interactive “Ask a Responder” tab is pre-scripted: the questions and answers are already provided and the opportunity to actually ask a question is zero. Furthermore, the site does not include any place for citizens to record their experiences with the disaster, though there is a tab with a list of phone numbers to “report a concern”.  In contrast, the NZ GNS site has a “felt it” questionnaire for citizens to fill out their observations of the quake. (It should be noted that the U.S.Geological Survey does have a stand alone Did you Feel it website for earthquakes).

In short, while many public agencies in the U.S. use social media, this NZ one-stop shop model, produced by a credible, semi-autonomous national agency, should be useful to U.S. communities and organizations responsible for managing the recovery process. After a disaster, providing information to citizens as well as providing an opportunity for them to record their experiences, probably will be something the public comes to expect, if not demand.

[Thanks to Mr. Ian McLean and Ms Kim Stephens for their assistance.]

NZ – cited as model of earthquake response and recovery

NZ sets disaster preparedness example, says Clark, NZ Herald, Sept. 16.

Former N.Z. Prime Minister, Helen Clark, praises the national preparedness efforts with minimizing the deaths and injuries in the recent Christchurch/Canterbury Earthquake, especially true when compared with the outcome of the Haiti earthquake of the same magnitude. Ms Clark also commented on the positive benefit of beginning recovery planning quickly.  The ready availability of insurance money for reconstruction is an important feature of the N.Z. system.

If you put in place the systems which anticipate what disaster might strike, then you can act to thwart the worst effects. She was critical of how international aid funding was targeted after large natural disasters like the Haiti quake or the recent Pakistan floods.   While the international community generally provided immediate humanitarian relief, early recovery schemes to help people rebuild were “the least funded part of any international appeal for help.

I think there is an immediate need for a comparative study of recovery in N.Z. and the U.S. , and I plan to engage in one. Please contact me if you are planning to research this topic.

NZ plans to “fast track” the recovery in Canterbury/Christchurch

Christchurch earthquake

Image by nzgabriel via Flickr

In NZ, the transition is underway from response to recovery, after the Canterbury Earthquake. [Note: I have been calling it the Christchurch earthquake, but apparently the epicenter was closer to Canterbury.]  What is of special interest is local and national efforts to “fastrack” the recovery process. Hopefully, there will be some lessons for the U.S. to learn in that regard. PM: Quake NZ’s most costly natural disaster, NZHerald, Sept. 13.

The Canterbury earthquake will be the most costly natural disaster New Zealand has ever faced, Prime Minister John Key said today….The Treasury has put the overall cost at about $4 billion but the Government says that is a very early estimate and clearly expects it to rise. “We are moving from the response phase to the recovery and rebuilding phase and we don’t want work being slowed or stopped by needless red tape and filling out paperwork,” Mr Key said at his post-cabinet press conference.

“Legislation like the Building Act, the Local Government Act and the Resource Management Act aren’t designed for the special circumstances Canterbury faces.” To deal with that Parliament will tomorrow pass a bill under urgency allowing ministers to make special orders to fast track the recovery.

A second article in that same source indicates many details remain to be worked out. See Govt earthquake bill unclear – Brownlee